LISTENING 800/1

LIsten, LiSten, ListEN

 

 

"in reality, listening is used far more than any other single language skill in normal life. On average, we can expect to listen twice as much as we speak, four times more than we read and five times more than we write"

Rivers 1981 : Weaver 1972

In listening, the following skills are emphasised:

1. Listening for main ideas
2. Listening for specific information
3. Note taking
4. Paraphrasing
5. Summarising
6. Inferencing
7. Predicting
8. Drawing conclusions
9. Recognising speakers' attitudes, roles and relationships
10. Listening critically

1. Listening for main ideas and specific information
    ~ listen generally in order to find out 
     -the main subject or topic of the news item, speech, talk or discussion you are listening to
     -how the subject or topic is dealt with 

2. Note taking
    ~use short form of words, dashes, arrows and, sometimes, even mathematical symbols to  transer the information effectively.
    - exp : (/) the, (x) do not

3. Summarizing & Paraphrasing
    ~ write something in a shorter, cleaner, and sometimes, different way.

4. Making prediction
    ~ To predict is to guess. Predictions are based on :
        -general knowledge
        -clues ( such as: 'how to' , why , steps to take, etc )
                   ( transition markers, eg. first, finally, so, etc )

5. Making inferens and drawing conclusions
    ~In order to make logical inferences and draw  correct conclusions, you have to 'listen between the lines'. In other words, you have to take note of the following points:

• Gender (especially where there is dialogue) 
• tone of voice (angry, happy, sad, anxious, etc)
• attitude of speaker (indifferent, positive, negative, etc)
• Interaction between speakers (in dialogue)
• words used